Tuesday, February 28, 2023

Lesson 6.2.2: Solving Systems by Substitution/Day of Observation (Day 119)

RUNNIN'
by Pharrell Williams

First Verse:
Summertime in Virginia was a oven (oven)
All the kids eating ice cream with their cousins (cousins)
I was studyin' while you was playing the dozens (dozens)
Don't act like you was there when you wasn't
Runnin' from the man (man) runnin' from the badge (badge)
Don't act like you was there when you wasn't
Runnin' toward our plans (plans) in the judge's hands (hands)
Don't act like you was there when you wasn't

Pre-Chorus:
I know they say you crawl 'fore you walk
But in my mind I already jog
If I stand still I cannot get far
They want the Moon, I'm on Mars

Chorus:
Sometime my mind dives deep
When I'm runnin'
I don't want no free ride
I'm just sick and tired of runnin'
Some nights I cry
Cause I can see the day comin'
Together we'll fight
Oh, but no more runnin'

Second Verse:
You and I are not different from each other (other)
Shut our eyes, when we slumber I see numbers (numbers)
Black and white, we're computers, I ain't colored (colored)
Don't act like you was there when you wasn't
From runnin' to exams (exams) two jobs for a man (man)
Don't act like you was there when you wasn't
In the law of the land (land) the women were often banned (banned)
Don't act like you was there when you wasn't.
(to Pre-Chorus)

This song, which I've performed several times before, comes from the movie Hidden Figures. Last night was my annual viewing of that film. I usually try to watch it around this time of year -- the end of Black History Month or the start of Women's History Month (since Katherine Johnson was a black woman), or late February (the anniversary of John Glenn's orbital flight, February 20th, 1962). And so it makes sense to declare "Runnin'" to be the song of the day as well.

Here is a link to today's song on YouTube. (I might as well post a lyric video since I sing the original lyrics in class.)

Today is a blank day in the Eleven Calendar to mark New Year's Eve. (Recall that 363 days of the year fit into the weeks, with February 27th, 28th, and possibly the 29th as blank days.) On blank days, I usually default to the eleventh resolution:

Resolution #11: We follow all protocols for COVID.

And perhaps there won't be much use for the eleventh resolution these days. Today is the last day, not only of the Eleven Calendar year, but also of the three-year COVID emergency as declared by California leaders.

Meanwhile, my own personal eleventh resolution is on communication and conversations. And today I have a major conversation -- not with my students, not with my fellow teachers, but with the principal, as I receive my scores from the December 6th observation.

The principal speaks to me during third period conference, but not before he makes a quick informal observation during second period Math I. The lesson is on solving systems by substitution, and the lesson is not that difference from what he saw back in December --  a few examples written in the notebook followed by practice on Desmos.

You might notice that there's a song today despite an observation by the principal (as I worry that he might tell me to stop performing, just as my principal did last year). But I'd already prepared "Runnin'" before learning about the observation -- and as it turns out, he leaves midway during the period, just before my usual performance time. So I end up singing and playing guitar as originally planned.

Then during third period, the principal reveals my observation scores. On a four-point scale, most of my scores are 2's and 3's (where 2's are passing, but 3's are preferred). I do get a score of 1 in one area:

CSTP 1.3: Connecting subject matter to meaningful, real-life contexts. (Here CSTP means "California Standards for the Teaching Profession.)

This is a tricky one. A master teacher (yes, the same one who fell behind during the systems unit in Algebra I and ended up solving only by graphing, not substitution) once warned me not to do word problems -- which is what real-life problems become -- since they confuse and frustrate students. (This applies to observations not just from the principal, but other evaluators like the WASC committee. In fact, a fellow Math III teacher suggests that we finish Chapter 8 this week and spend next week on review, so that WASC doesn't see students frustrated with brand new material.)

On the other hand, recall that the TOSA for Math I gave me an underlying theme for this chapter -- using systems to make financial decisions. During certain lessons, I highlight some of the problems from the CPM text or Desmos that involve making a choice about spending money. But unfortunately, I don't include this in today's lesson.

The Desmos activity does contain one word problem -- if a fast train departs later than a slow train, how long will it take the fast train to catch up? But I skip this question for two reasons. First, it's not directly related to the overall financial theme. And second, I fear that the kids might take up more than half the period just to figure out how to write equations for this situation, and then we'd have to rush the actual solving by substitution -- then no one would learn anything.

At the end of the meeting, the principal tells me that he'll observe my class again on Thursday, to give me a chance to remediate some of my lower scores (especially that dismal 1 score). Forced to make a quick decision as to which class to observe, I end up choosing fifth period Math III. Since Thursday's block schedule goes 1-2-5-6, I know that I want it to be either fifth or sixth period so that I can use the earlier period as a dry run for the observation period. But now that I have time to reflect, I wonder whether fifth period is really a better option than sixth.

Looking ahead to the Math I and III pacing guides, I see that the Math I lesson planned for tomorrow and Thursday is on a certain word problem from the CPM text that we discussed during two previous Math I meetings. The question does mention money, and the entire lesson is devoted to this one problem (so the issue of spending too much time on an "anticipatory set" doesn't arise). Then again, the situation mentioned in the problem is a bit contrived, so it might not be "meaningful" enough for CSTP 1.3 given above. (I'll write more about this problem in tomorrow's post, since I'm teaching it to fourth period tomorrow.)

Meanwhile, the Math III pacing guide shows a difference of squares lesson on Thursday. Not even the CPM text attempts to tie this to any word problem. But there is a word problem in the previous lesson -- so I'm considering doing this on Thursday. (Actually, "considering" needs to be replaced by "planning on," since I already told the principal to observe the fifth period Math III class.)

Well, I know what I'm going to write about in tomorrow's post. Yes, I'll discuss my fourth period class as I usually do on Wednesdays, but I'll also look ahead to Thursday's observation. (Yes, I know -- the past few weeks were about nothing but the district Benchmarks, and now the next two weeks will be about nothing but observations, whether by the principal or the WASC committee.)

Wednesday, February 22, 2023

District Benchmark Test #2 (Days 115-118)

FACTOR TESTS

First Verse:
Remainder x minus r,
Remainder theorem says,
Remainder that equals,
Remainder f of x.

Pre-Chorus:
Theorems easier,
No need to divide.
Polynomial,
Plug r in to find.

Chorus:
Remainder! Factor! (x2)

Second Verse:
Factor x minus r,
Factor theorem says,
Factor zero is,
Factor f of x.

Bridge:
Testing x minus sign,
That means r's positive.
Testing x plus sign,
That means r's negative.

Today is the second district Benchmark Test in my fourth period Math I class, with the other classes taking their district tests tomorrow. Thus I sing "Benchmark Tests" in fourth period -- but it's also the perfect day for a Math III song.

This is the sixth song that I'm composing in 14EDL, our main scale for January and February. And it's the first 14EDL song in the ABCD format, with verses, a pre-chorus, a chorus, and a bridge.

Here's a link to today's Mocha code:

https://www.haplessgenius.com/mocha/

10 N=8
20 FOR V=1 TO 2
30 FOR X=1 TO 24*(V+1)
40 READ A,T
50 SOUND 261-N*A,T
60 NEXT X
70 RESTORE
80 NEXT V
90 FOR W=1 TO 4:SOUND 261-N*7,16:SOUND 261-N*14,16:NEXT
100 DATA 13,12,14,4,7,4,14,4,13,8
110 DATA 13,12,14,4,7,4,14,4,13,8
120 DATA 13,12,14,4,7,4,14,4,13,8
130 DATA 13,12,14,4,7,4,14,4,13,8
140 DATA 14,12,14,4,12,8,9,4,8,4
150 DATA 14,12,14,4,12,8,9,4,8,4
160 DATA 14,12,14,4,12,8,9,4,8,4
170 DATA 14,12,14,4,12,8,9,4,8,4
180 DATA 7,16,14,16
190 DATA 7,16,14,16
200 DATA 7,16,14,16
210 DATA 7,16,14,16
220 DATA 11,12,9,4,9,6,11,6,14,2,10,2
230 DATA 11,12,9,4,9,6,11,6,14,2,10,2
240 DATA 11,12,9,4,9,6,11,6,14,2,10,2
250 DATA 11,12,9,4,9,6,11,6,14,2,10,2

Don't forget to click on Sound before you RUN the program.

While this song includes the entire 14EDL scale, certain notes appear only in certain parts -- indeed, the chorus consists only of two tonic whole notes, a high F# and a low F#. The verse is the only part in which Degree 13 appears, while the bridge is the only part where Degrees 10 and 11 appear.

Thus we might interpret 14EDL as a pure Locrian scale, with Degrees 13 and 11 as G and B -- since these notes don't appear in the same part of the song, there's no need to worry about interpreting 13/11 as a major third. We might instead interpret is as a natural minor scale, since the only appearance of the diminished 7/5 fifth C is as a quick eighth note in the bridge.

Notice that I haven't actually performed this song yet. This tune corresponds to the second block of the week, which is tomorrow for both Math III classes. But the blogging schedule corresponds to the block days of fourth period, which isn't a Math III class (and got "Benchmark Tests" instead).

Thus I have yet to decide which chords to play with this song. I'm actually leaning more towards the minor key interpretation, so F#m will be the chord to play during the chorus.

(By the way, the FOR loops are written oddly. Line 30 is written so that the first verse plays ABC -- 48 notes -- and the second verse plays ABCD -- 72 notes. Line 90 squeezes in one more Chorus to play at the end of the song -- possible only because the Chorus consists of two whole notes repeated.)

The song indicates how the Math III lesson will soon be presented. The Factor and Remainder Theorems each have their own verses, and the bridge reminds us to switch signs (so r = 1 tests the factor x - 1, and r = -1 tests the factor x + 1). Because of syllables, I expect to shorten remainder to 'mainder to fit the tune.

There's not much to say about Math I in this post, since the focus is on the district Benchmarks. I will say that Chapter 6 is briefly covered on today's test just as Chapter 3 was on the first district test. This is why we covered Lesson 6.1.1 before the test. Still, there are a few questions from deeper in Chapter 6, but perhaps some students might remember a little about solving systems from Math 8 (once again, just like transformations in Chapter 3).

Today is Sevenday on the Eleven Calendar:

Resolution #7: We earn our grades through hard work and dedication.

And hopefully my students are working hard to earn their scores on the Benchmarks today.

Tuesday, February 21, 2023

Lesson 6.1.1: Solving Systems by Graphing (Day 114)

WHEN THE MATH PEOPLE GO MARCHIN' IN

Chorus:
Oh when the math people go marchin' in,
Oh when the math people go marchin' in.
Oh how I want to learn about numbers,
Oh when the math people go marchin' in.

First Verse:
We're gonna learn, learn about systems,
Substitution and elimination,
Equations with x, y, and numbers,
Oh when the math people go marchin' in.
(to Chorus)

Second Verse:
We're gonna learn polynomials,
With degrees and roots and then.
Equations with xy, and numbers,
Oh when the math people go marchin' in.
(to Chorus)

Well, I've obviously decided not to do a "Big March" song this year. Instead, I brought back another song from my repertoire, namely my "When the Saints Go Marchin' In" parody for Mardi Gras.

Of course, I originally wrote this song six years ago back at the old charter school, where I was asked to teach science in addition to math -- so my parody was "When the Scientists Go Marchin' In." Now that I'm no longer teaching science, there's no need to mention scientists in today's version.

Perhaps I should have replaced "scientists" with "mathematicians" -- referring to professionals who study either math or science. But it was already pushing it to replace the monosyllabic word "saints" in the original version to the three-syllable word "scientists" -- there's no way that the five-syllable word "mathematicians" was going to fit. So instead I choose "math people" (shades of the late John Berray).

The original "Saints" song contains the line "Oh how I want to be in that number." The word "number" fits with a math song, so I decide to retain it here. The other verses refer to the current Math I topic (systems of equations) and the current Math III topic (polynomials). This is something I did in my science parody as well -- include different verses for different classes. But I haven't done that much this year -- write songs with Math I and Math III verses. Today I perform the chorus in the key of D major and the verses in the key of A major.

The fact that today is both Mardi Gras and the first day of the Big March reminds us of the Andrew Usher Calendar. On that calendar, Easter is always between April 5th-11th and Presidents' Day between February 16th-22nd, so in any Gregorian year that matches these dates, Mardi Gras will be the day after Presidents' Day. Easter is on April 9th this year, which is in the Usher range.

Since Mardi Gras is such a big party day, sometimes I wonder whether this should become a four-day weekend on the Usher Calendar, so that the Big March begins on the same day as Lent. But then some might point out that people should spend Ash Wednesday in church, not school. And then it would be a short jump to just taking the entire week off, a Ski Week.

Today in my Math I classes, we begin Chapter 6.1.1 of the CPM text. There is a Desmos activity associated with this lesson -- the students must read a word problem, convert it to equations, graph the equations, and identify the solution. As it turns out, the word problems refer to scenarios mentioned in previous chapters.

For example, the first problem brings back our old typist friends Clara and Tabias. I already wrote a song based on this old problem -- "WPM" (written in 10EDL). So I briefly sing this song -- especially the second verse, starring both Clara and Tabias -- once again today. (So that's all the less reason to sing "The Big March" today, with two tunes already featured.)

The second problem refers to two bicyclists competing in the Big Race. No, I didn't write a "Big Race" song back in that chapter (unless we change "Big March" to "Big Race" -- but unfortunately, the ants weren't racing in the original song of which "Big March" is a parody).

The last problem is about two phone plans -- one costing a flat $25 (per month), the other costing $10 plus five cents per minute of long distance calls. This sort of question ties back to my underlying theme of this chapter -- solving systems to help make financial decisions.

Today is Sixday on the Eleven Calendar:

Resolution #6: We implement all parts of our assignments.

The students work on several different things today -- starting with test corrections from the Chapter 5 Test that the kids took last week. They must work on their Desmos activities for the main lesson, as well as prepare for the Chapter 5 notebook check on Friday (since I neglected to collect the notebooks on the day of the test).

Second period Math I is slightly better behaved today than last Friday. Still, two objects are thrown in the classroom, resulting in a pair of extra questions on the homework. I begin to complain that they shouldn't throw things in class, especially with the WASC visit looming -- the evaluators won't want to see objects being thrown in class. But my complaints contain the seeds of an argument -- and the WASC evaluators won't want to see an argument break out in class either.

So I'm forced to stop myself from arguing. Adding questions to the HW (or sending out individual throwers if they're caught to the office) is the best I can do in this situation without argument.

Fourth period, of course, doesn't have the misbehavior of second period. Still, I mess up when I open the test corrections on DeltaMath but fail to unlock the original test, meaning that two absent students from Wednesday are unable to take the test.

Since I mention the Math III lesson in the song, I might as well bring it up here as well. Today the students are learning polynomial division -- and we've been asked to teach neither the long division nor synthetic division methods. Instead, we teach them the box method, which is often used to multiply polynomials (especially when they're aren't both binomials), but in reverse for division.

Friday, February 17, 2023

Chapter 6 Intro (Day 113)

Today is the seventeenth of the month, and so this is my monthly "A Day in the Life" post for February. I wish to start with "A Day in the Life" for yesterday, the sixteenth, since what happened yesterday had a huge impact on my lessons for today.

8:00 -- A meeting for Math I was called yesterday by -- who else -- the TOSA for Math I. He arranged for this meeting to last a half-day -- period subs ended up covering our first two classes. (This is the meeting I alluded to in my last post.)

The purpose of the meeting is to discuss Chapter 6 of the CPM text, on systems of equations. But recall that we're supposed to be emphasizing Stats more this year -- and so the TOSA decided that we should incorporate data analysis into the current chapter on solving systems.

In fact, the chapter is supposed to culminate with another project. But unlike previous projects where I kept leeching off my neighbor teachers for implementation ideas, this time the TOSA asked each of us to come up with our own plan for a project that involves data and systems of equations.

Suddenly put on the spot, I couldn't think of any good ones. Two of the other Math I teachers came up with some sports-related ideas, including one based on LeBron James and his recent pursuit of Kareem Abdul-Jabbar's scoring record (which goes along with the Steph Curry project in Chapter 4). But of course, I couldn't just steal that teacher's idea.

Then the TOSA suggested that I look at a Financial Algebra text. (Our school is considering having a Financial Math class next year, but it's OK for me to use it now.) He showed me the following link:

https://www.ngpf.org/math/financial-algebra/

Unit 3 of this text is called "Saving & Systems of Equations," so he told me to look there. In Lesson 3.5, I found a rather interesting graph comparing income earned vs. net income and expenses. The income levels are divided into bins of unequal size (less than $15K, $15-30K, $30-40K, $40-50K, and so on), and so it's not completely logical. (For example, it shows that someone making $50K has a take-home pay of over $50K, since that value refers to the entire bin $50-70K and not just $50K.)

Still, both take-home pay and expenses can be approximated by a linear equation (in other words, a line of best fit), where x is the income earned and y is take-home pay or expenses. They form a system of equations whose solution indicates where income equals expenses. (From the graph, this appears to be somewhere in the $50-70K bin).

I'm not the only Math I teacher to do a finance-related lesson for this chapter. One of my neighbor teachers will give an activity on paying fines that she found online. Considering that this is written as a three-act lesson, the idea behind this lesson ultimately goes back to Dan Meyer (a name familiar to most MTBoS members, as this is a MTBoS-labeled blogpost).

It will take some work for me to make this into a coherent unit. Still, the TOSA told us to return to this underlying idea several times during the lesson, until we finally end Chapter 6 with the project where the students solve the implied system of equations.

11:45 -- The meeting ended and fifth period arrived (as Thursday's block schedule went 1-2-5-6). This was my lone Math III class of the day.

I sang "Benchmark Tests" to this class and had this class begin working on -- well, their Benchmark Tests from the district. (This explains why I mentioned "Benchmark Tests" in yesterday's post.)

1:15 -- Fifth period left for lunch.

2:05 -- Sixth period arrived. This was my lone Math I class of the day.

I sang "Sequence Tests" to this class and had this class begin working on -- well, their Chapter 5 Test, on which they must test sequences (to see whether they are arithmetic or geometric).

3:30 -- Sixth period left, thus completing my day.

OK, so that's "A Day in the Life" for yesterday. Now let's do today:

7:40 -- Friday (and Monday) mornings before school are for meetings. Today's meeting is a "CT2" meeting, where "CT" stands for "curriculum team" and "2" stands for the secondary class that we teach, as opposed to our primary class.

Logically speaking, since I teach three sections of Math I and two sections of Math III, Math I should be my CT1 and Math III my CT2. But the Math III leader teaches a zero period class, and so he usually holds only CT1 morning meetings but not CT2 meetings.

Thus I've decided that Math III is my CT1 and Math I my CT2, so I can attend both meetings. In other words, this morning I attend yet another meeting to discuss Math I after yesterday's half-day workshop.

For this meeting, the lead Math I teacher and the TOSA decide on a pacing plan for Chapter 6. They tell us that today is the first day of the chapter, and it should be mainly a "hook" to introduce the underlying activity that each of us chooses for the chapter.

For me, a hook is straightforward, since Lesson 3.5 of the Financial Algebra text linked above already has a hook of sorts. I copy the first page of the lesson and plan to hand it out to each Math I class.

This is to be followed by lessons on solving systems (graphically, elimination, as you'd expect), and then ending with the test and the project. Chapter 6 should take us all the way up to spring break (to be followed by the Geometry chapter I'm looking forward to the most, Chapter 7).

8:30 -- The meeting ends and first period arrives. This is the first of two Math III classes.

A few students who were absent yesterday finish their Benchmarks today. (This is one reason that I gave the Math III Benchmarks yesterday -- it gave my students something to do on the sub day without having to lose a lesson.) The rest of the students move on to Section 8.1.3 of the CPM text, which is on finding equations giving the roots.

I mainly show the students some DeltaMath problems. There are three levels of quadratic equations in standard form that the students must find -- at the first level both roots are rational, at the second both roots are irrational but real, and at the third both roots are imaginary.

The Warm-Up question is a review from an earlier lesson. The students must likewise find an equation, but they are given a graph. The equation is cubic, but they get to leave the answer in factored form.

For the Exit Pass, the students must find the quadratic equation with roots 4 + i -- and I spot them most of the equation, x^2 - 8x + _____ = 0. The missing constant term is the product of the roots, which works out to be 17 -- and of course, today's date is the seventeenth.

9:25 -- First period leaves for nutrition.

9:40 -- Second period arrives. This is the first of three Math I classes.

Yesterday -- as often happens when a regular teacher is asked to cover a class during prep period -- the teacher took my class to his own room. (This is another reason why I gave the test yesterday -- if I'd instead given the kids a regular assignment, say with a page for them to glue into their notebooks -- that stack would have been left untouched in my own room.)

Unfortunately, when I look at the DeltaMath grades, it appears that a whopping dozen students decided not to take the test at all today -- they probably just opened DeltaMath and then pretended to work while playing on phones or who knows what else? You might question my wisdom of assigning a high stakes 50-point test on a sub day -- but notice that if the freshmen won't even work on a test worth such a large part of their grade, how much less likely are they to work on a regular assignment (even if it's computer-based, like Desmos)?

Today is the second day of the week on the Eleven Calendar. (In previous posts, I sometimes referred to the second day as "Saturday" and intend to be a replacement for the Jewish Sabbath.)

Resolution #2: We avoid arguing in the classroom.

And you can figure out why I'm mentioning this resolution at this point in my post -- the kids turn my confrontation of yesterday's lazy students into an argument, and they start throwing glue sticks, scissors, and other objects around the room. (The correct purpose of the glue and scissors, of course, is to glue the Chapter 6 title page and hook into their interactive notebooks.)

So I make every effort to respond to this act without arguing. I immediately add six extra questions to the DeltaMath homework assignment -- one for each object that was thrown. And I add that if I ever find out who exactly is throwing the objects, a major disciplinary report will be sent to the office.

10:35 -- Second period leaves and third period conference begins. There's actually something that's been going on recently during my prep period on Fridays (which I haven't mentioned on the blog until now, since I rarely post on Fridays).

In my fifth period Math III class, there are two Spanish-speaking students who are bright in math, but often have trouble understanding me in English. They have a relationship with one of their previous math teachers -- she's a Math I teacher who speaks Spanish, but is rusty with Math III material.

And so, since we have the same conference period, we've decided to hold weekly tutoring meetings in the other teacher's classroom -- both of us teachers, my two students, and another student who has a different Math III teacher but can use the extra tutoring as well. (Yes, this is why I was so eager to meet my "prep period buddy" earlier this week -- I wanted to set up today's tutoring session. She jokes that this has become our "CT3" meeting.)

Unfortunately, today's meeting doesn't go as well as I hoped. Only one of my two students is able to get a note from his third period teacher to attend today, plus the guy from the other Math III class. (My other student, a girl, is out for an entire week.)

And since the last Math III lesson (before Benchmarks) was on graphing polynomials, I was hoping to set up DeltaMath on the Promethean boards in her classroom so they can graph them directly onto the computer (as I was struggling to do so in my classes earlier this week). But the Internet didn't work in her classroom, so we couldn't access DeltaMath.

Since the Wi-Fi issues were local to her classroom, perhaps I should have asked the group to move over to my own room for today's session. Instead, I had the students work on the whiteboard (an impromptu VNPS of sorts) -- I gave the two guys equations such as f (x) = (x + 2)(x - 1)^2 and asked the pair to find the x- and y-intercepts before we drew the rest of the graphs together.

So even though this isn't the best of sessions, at least you know now what I've been doing during my conference period on Fridays (ever since the first semester final exam).

11:40 -- Fourth period arrives. This is the second of three Math I classes.

All fourth period classes have been asked to give a PowerPoint presentation today on the upcoming visit from the WASC committee. For those of you outside of California (or "the West," as WASC stands for "Western Association of Schools and Colleges"), every high school must have its accreditation renewed every three to six years, or else its diplomas won't be recognized by outside organizations, such as colleges. Our school is in fact overdue for its WASC visit due to the pandemic.

In short, the students learn that they must be on their best behavior during the WASC visit (which is two and a half weeks away), and that they must know something if a WASC committee member visits the classroom and asks them a question (such as "What are you learning now?").

Of all my Math I classes, fourth period is the best behaved by far, so they shouldn't be a problem if WASC visits this class. My other Math I classes are a different matter.

I immediately follow up the WASC PowerPoint with a two-minute video on saving money -- the hook for the Chapter 6 project. (I won't link to the video here -- instead, follow the NGPF link above to Lesson 3.5 and you can find the entire lesson, including the video and graphs, right there.)

12:40 -- Fourth period leaves for lunch.

1:25 -- Fifth period arrives. This is the second of two Math III classes.

1:30 -- A lockdown drill begins. Yes, lockdown drills are now a regular occurrence -- and I assume this one is scheduled due to all the recent mass shootings in the news.

1:50 -- The lockdown drill ends. Assuming in advance that the students would be distracted during the drill, I leave the Warm-Up on the board during the entire drill and don't start the main lesson until after it concludes.

2:20 -- Fifth period leaves and sixth period arrives. This is the third of three Math I classes.

Sometimes sixth period behaves just as poorly as second -- in fact, I had to submit a major disciplinary report form earlier this week for someone who threw objects in sixth period (a sock one day, and then an empty water gun and water bottle the next day).

Fortunately, today this class is much better-behaved. We get through the introductory Chapter 6 lesson without too many problems.

3:20 -- Sixth period leaves, thus concluding my day.

Wow -- today just happens to be such a jam-packed day, with things going on almost every period. Still, this is when I usually post my monthly reflection. Monday is Presidents' Day -- the last holiday of the "holiday stretch." Next week is the start of the Big March -- or is it?

On one hand, spring break is one week later than last year (in order to include Cesar Chavez Day). Last year I wrote that four weeks  isn't long enough to be considered a "Big March," but with five weeks this year, it will feel more like a true Big March.

On the other hand, it won't be five weeks without a day off for our students. As I wrote in a previous post, there will be a teacher day when students won't have to attend. For us teachers it will feel like a Big March, but not as much for our students.

On the third hand, I've now declared that the Big March is now a permanent part of the school calendar (along with the Willis Unit and DEVOLSON), and it refers to the stretch between Prez Day and spring break, no matter how many weeks it is or whether there's a teacher day. Therefore, next week really is the start of the Big March.

I often write that the most difficult chapter of the year seems to be taught during the Big March. In many ways, Chapter 6 -- which will span the entire Big March -- will be hard for my Math I kids. Many of them struggled with solving equations in Chapter 1 and graphing lines in Chapter 2 -- and now Chapter 6 will ask the students to do both of those. And now we're adding in Stats from Chapter 4, and many of them had trouble there too.

Meanwhile in Math III, Chapter 8, our Big March chapter, is on polynomials. While polynomials can be difficult for some students, it's not necessarily worse than Chapter 7, where logs, sines, and cosines served to confuse the class.

That being said, will I sing my "Big March" song on Tuesday? That will be revealed in Tuesday's post, my first post of the Big March after the Presidents' Day holiday.

(And yes, I will actually be posting during the Big March this year, since I want to post the songs that I'll be performing during that stretch of the year.)

Wednesday, February 15, 2023

Chapter 5 Test (Days 111-112)

SEQUENCE TESTS

First Verse:
Same difference, it's arithmetic.
Find nth term, it's arithmetic.
Distinguish, it's arithmetic.
Find difference, it's arithmetic.

Pre-Chorus:
Don't forget solving,
Two step equations.
Don't forget solving,
Three step equations.

Chorus:
Test out the sequence.
See how it does go.
All common difference,
Or common ratio.

Second Verse:
Same ratio, it's geometric.
Find nth term, it's geometric.
Distinguish, it's geometric.
Find ratio, it's geometric.
(to Pre-Chorus)

This is the fifth song that I'm composing in 14EDL, our main scale for January and February. And it's the first 14EDL song in the ABC format, with verses, a pre-chorus, and a chorus.

As I explained in yesterday's post, today I give the Chapter 5 Test to my fourth period Math I class. It's the rare test that I don't give on a Friday -- indeed the rare test given on a singing day. Therefore the song summarizes the contents of the test. The pre-chorus mentions solving equations because two of the sixteen questions on the test are review from Chapter 1.

Since this is also one of the few tests given on a blogging day, let me discuss how the fourth period kids are doing on the test so far. Naturally, most students are getting the first two questions right -- these questions simply ask for the generator of an arithmetic or geometric sequence and are designated "Level 1" on DeltaMath.

The two most difficult questions both involve geometric sequences with common ratio less than 1 -- for example, a sequence like 32, 16, 8, 4, ... (the bouncing ball sequence from a couple weeks ago). And it's understandable -- students are more likely to think in terms of dividing terms by two than multiplying by one half. They might even have trouble identifying this as a geometric sequence, since the rapid increase associated with geometric sequences isn't visible.

Here's a link to today's Mocha code:

https://www.haplessgenius.com/mocha/

10 N=8
20 FOR V=1 TO 2
30 FOR X=1 TO 72
40 READ A,T
50 SOUND 261-N*A,T
60 NEXT X
70 RESTORE
80 NEXT V
90 END
100 DATA 11,6,14,6,9,4,7,2,12,2,10,8,11,2,9,2
110 DATA 11,6,14,6,9,4,7,2,12,2,10,8,11,2,9,2
120 DATA 11,6,14,6,9,4,7,2,12,2,10,8,11,2,9,2
130 DATA 11,6,14,6,9,4,7,2,12,2,10,8,11,2,9,2
140 DATA 12,12,8,2,10,2,10,4,14,12
150 DATA 12,12,8,2,10,2,10,4,14,12
160 DATA 12,12,8,2,10,2,10,4,14,12
170 DATA 12,12,8,2,10,2,10,4,14,12
180 DATA 14,12,8,2,10,2,11,4,7,12
190 DATA 14,12,8,2,10,2,11,4,7,12
200 DATA 14,12,8,2,10,2,11,4,7,12
210 DATA 14,12,8,2,10,2,11,4,7,12

As usual, don't forget to click on Sound before you RUN the program.

This song omits Degree 13. I'm much more likely to interpret Degree 11 as B (as opposed to Bb) in a no-thirteens song like this one, since there's no need to make 13/11 sound as a minor third. (I do the same in most of my 12EDL songs where there is no Degree 13.)

And indeed, in the verse I play the riff Bm-D7, since the first three notes sound like B minor (provided Degree 11 is interpreted as B). For the pre-chorus I play the riff Am-D7, while for the chorus I play a ringing F# major chord. The chorus melody goes (low)F#-E-C-B-F#(high), but only the F# notes stand out in the melody.

There are ways to chord this song if we are more consistent in interpreting 14EDL. Recall some of those chords that I mentioned in previous posts -- F#m7b5 (the half diminished chord F#-A-C-E) and F#7alt (which usually means F#-A#-C-E, provided Degree 11 is Bb or A#). The former chord fits in the pre-chorus and the the latter in the chorus.

In fact, if we consider the half diminished chord to be the "tonic" (or "home") chord of 14EDL, we even might reverse the pre-chorus and chorus melodies so that we can end the song on that chord. The rhythms of the pre-chorus and chorus are identical, so there's no need to change the lyrics here.

Only Math I classes are getting this song. Math III classes will hear a different but familiar song:

Why do we take Benchmark Tests?
The six months are done so let's
See how much we know, know know!
It's some new stuff on Benchmark Tests.
If we don't know it, we take a guess.
'Cause there's still time to grow, grow, grow!
The teacher sees our Benchmark Tests,
Knows what to teach now more or less.
That's the way to go, go, go!

That's right -- the district Benchmark testing window has opened. Only Math III classes are taking their district tests this week -- Math I won't test until next week. (Notice the similarity of the songs -- it's "Benchmark Tests" instead of "Sequence Tests," with both songs describe tests the students are taking.)

Today is Elevenday on the Eleven Calendar:

Resolution #11: We follow all protocols for COVID.

But for me, Elevenday means it's time for me to focus on communication. I wrote a little about my efforts to communicate with my students in yesterday's post.

As for communicating with my fellow teachers -- well, today I was hoping to speak during third period conference to the lone other math teacher with the same prep period. (I've mentioned her a few times on the blog before -- she teaches only Math I.) But unfortunately, she's out today.

There's also an upcoming Math I teacher meeting, led by the TOSA. So perhaps I can communicate with others during that meeting (including perhaps my prep period buddy).

Notice that today's post is labeled "Days 111-112," covering only today and tomorrow. That's because Friday is the seventeenth -- my monthly posting day for "A Day in the Life." Therefore my next post is scheduled for Friday.

Tuesday, February 14, 2023

Chapter 5 Review (Day 110)

MATHEMATICS OF LOVE

Intro:
A five, six, seven, eight!

First Verse:
One night one night the stars were glowing
Two hearts two hearts were overflowing
Three words hit like a bolt from above
Bum bum bum

Second Verse:
Four arms four arms were hugging tightly
Five times five times I kissed you lightly
So goes the mathematics of love
The mathematics of love

Chorus:
One two three forever
I’ll keep on counting the ways
One thousand nights I’ll hold you
And love you all of my days (and love you all of my days)

First Verse Reprise:
One night one night the moon was shining
Two hearts two hearts were intertwining
So goes the mathematics of love
The mathematics of love

Bridge:
Seven eight nine tenderly
I’ll hold the memory of
The one night two hearts thundered
The mathematics of love

Outro:
Great, Tony! You got it!
One two three forever
The mathematics of love
One more time!
The mathematics of love
Alright! Take five!

Today is Valentine's Day, so of course I perform the second of two Square One TV songs that I associate with this day. "Mathematics of Love" was always my favorite song from that show, mainly because the Roman numeral skit is so funny.

Here is a link to the song on YouTube:

This week will be the Chapter 5 Test in my Math I classes. Normally, I'd want to give this test on Friday, like all of my other quizzes and tests. But I'm giving this test on the second block day of the week -- tomorrow for fourth period, Thursday for the other classes -- for several reasons.

One reason is that one of my neighbor teachers is giving the test today. So I'm already one day behind her -- and I'd be a second day behind if I waited until Friday. There are also other things going on this week, which I'll explain on the blog as the week progresses.

So today is the main review assignment for the test. I find an old review worksheet online with many examples of arithmetic and geometric sequences. I have the students glue copies of this into their notebooks, and then I call on students to answer the questions.

Of course, I pass out the usual V-Day pencils and candy today. Today's treats are for those students who passed the most recent quiz -- which just happens to be a Hero Quiz, so that's almost everyone. (Indeed, the last quiz before Halloween was likewise a Hero Quiz.) But this, unfortunately, leads to distraction, particularly in second period. Not only are very few students working, but the others attempt to start arguments over why I shouldn't punish them.

I think back six years ago, to Valentine's Day at the old charter school. While February was my toughest month at that school, V-Day was one of my best days. That's because I had set up specific activities for my sixth and eighth graders that day (including a Roman numeral function activity, inspired by "Mathematics of Love," for eighth graders). The students knew exactly what was expected of them, and so they rose to the occasion and completed the activities.

One problem that often occurs for me today is that I have trouble making tough decisions. All along, I was planning on giving the test on Friday, until I found out that other teachers are testing today. So the entire weekend, I keep going back and forth between testing Friday and testing on block day. Indeed, it's not until I wake up this morning that I finally decide to test on block day, and so I print up the review worksheet.

But what this means is that I don't have time to think about how to implement the worksheet -- in particular, how to get the kids to work on it, and what the consequences should be for not doing it. After a few of them try to argue over it, I finally remember that it's Tuesday (yes, I'm thrown off by Lincoln's Birthday yesterday) -- the day when second period leads directly into nutrition. I tell the students that those who don't complete the worksheet will get nutrition detention -- but by this point, it's too late for me to check every student's work for completion. So the detention threat ends up meaning nothing -- several kids waste the entire period, and there's no way to punish them.

Of course, I correct this by fourth period. Coming into class, I tell the kids that they must complete two dozen roses -- uh, V-Day Freudian slip, make that two dozen rows -- of tables (containing arithmetic or geometric sequences) on their worksheet. Any student who doesn't do so gets detention -- and I do end up keeping five students in a few minutes of lunch.

Still, there are some hardworking kids in second period who want to be successful in my class, yet they can't because of all the talkers. Improving my lessons from second to fourth period is good, but it would be great if I had strong structured lessons from the get-go in second period.

But that requires that I make tough decisions -- like what day to give the test -- more quickly. That way, I can spend less time deciding what to teach or when to teach it, and more time on how to teach it, and how to get the students to do the work.

Today is Tenday on the Eleven Calendar:

Resolution #10: We treat each other the way we want to be treated.

Valentine's Day is all about relationships. It's a good day for me to step back and focus on what sort of relationships I'm forging with my students -- particularly my freshman students, as they will remain a part of our community for three more years.

As I mentioned on the blog before, relationships are important because students are more willing to work hard for teachers with whom they have a strong relationship. But unfortunately, I struggle at forming deep relationships with people. Thus students are less likely to do what I ask them to -- which then leads to arguments when I need to get students to work hard.

Even though fourth period is generally better behaved than second, there are still too many kids who aren't paying close attention to lessons. When I ask students to identify the twentieth term of an arithmetic sequence, very few of them can do it before I show them the answer. The formula isn't that difficult to use -- it's just that students must pay close attention so that they know it, or at least know where in their notes to find it. But too many students are talking (in second period) or using phones (in fourth period) and ignoring me during lessons, so that when I call upon them to use the formula, they can't even identify the first term.

It's hard for me to get students to stop talking or put phones away for more than a few minutes. But they're happy to do so for a teacher with whom they have a deeper relationship -- and that's why students in those stronger teachers' classes are more likely to know how to find the twentieth term.

But forming those relationships begins with those short conversations that occur during the first few or last few minutes of class. Today is the first day of school since the Super Bowl, so that provides me with plenty to talk about. I discuss the Kansas City Chiefs' victory with my guys and Rihanna's halftime performance with my girls. But I need to be more consistent with these little chitchats if I ever hope to have deeper relationships with my freshmen.

Thursday, February 9, 2023

Future Freshman Showcase (Days 108-109)

This is my "A Day in the Life" post for the special day "Open House." But as I've mentioned before, Open Houses at high schools have morphed into Future Freshman Showcases.

8:30 -- First period arrives. This is the first of two Math III classes.

Chapter 8 begins in earnest as the students learn about polynomials. In this lesson, they are given the graph of a polynomial and must find an equation for it. First they inspect the roots (x-intercepts), which provide the equation up to some constant multiple a, then use the y-intercept to determine a.

On DeltaMath, all of the roots have multiplicity 1 or 2. But the lead Math III teacher wants to include triple roots as well. At the Math III meeting last Monday, he showed us how to copy his DeltaMath assignments in which he wrote his own triple root problems. It also provides us with a new way to present the material to our classes. The 15-question assignment contains seven problems that are common to all students and can be used as classwork, while the remaining questions become HW.

But there is one question that I can't quite reach today -- it's on identifying polynomials with even and odd degrees, number of relative extrema, and so on. Fortunately, this is a simpler topic that can be taught on the minimum day tomorrow. (In other words, on the minimum day, the students will learn about local minimum -- and maximum.)

Today is Fiveday on the Eleven Calendar:

Resolution #5: We sing to help us remember math.

In all classes today I perform the same song that I played yesterday in fourth period -- "Count the Ways" from Square One TV and the Judds.

9:55 -- First period leaves for nutrition.

10:15 -- Second period arrives. This is the first of two Math I classes that meets today.

This is the same lesson that fourth period got yesterday. I ask the students a few questions from Lesson 5.2.2 of the CPM text and have the students answer in their notebooks.

I could have done VNPS today, but this class has fallen behind in the quiz corrections. But as it turns out, we don't really get to do quiz corrections or VNPS in this class, because some students decide to start arguing with me. And the topic of the argument is pencils.

It is my policy not to give pencils away when students ask for one. A few years ago, I used to, and then the students would complain when I tried to give away pencils on holidays. After all, what's so special about something they can get all the time? And of course, making the students bring their own pencils is meant to foster a sense of responsibility in them.

I've struggled over the years with what to do if a student asks for a pencil on a non-holiday. Ever since Resolution #2 (the one about avoiding arguments), I decided just to say "ten cents please" when asked for a pencil -- the student won't want to pay the dime and will look for another way to get a pencil. And even if the kid mutters "I won't pay that much for a cheap pencil" or something of the like, I could just ignore it. (Again, I don't mind if the student gets the last word -- I just want there to be a last word.)

But as usual for this class, it doesn't end the argument. The two students asking for pencils then accuse me of disrespecting them for ignoring them -- in other words, they don't respect any teacher who doesn't first respect them. And they keep talking during what's supposed to be quiz corrections, meaning that the corrections don't fully happen today either (after being delayed from Tuesday due to yet another argument attempt).

These students have a valid point -- respect is a two-way street and must be earned. But from my perspective, it is arguing with the students that's disrespectful, and that the only real way to respect them is to avoid arguments. But as they implied today, nothing short of just handing them a pencil would silence them (and even then, these two would likely just whisper during corrections instead).

The real problem, of course, was that I argued early in the year before writing Resolution #2, and so I have a reputation for argument that the students seek to exploit. If I'd avoided arguments the entire year, the students likely say nothing after I tell them "ten cents please."

The kids claim that they can't afford a ten-cent pencil, yet they can afford a $1000+ phone. I don't say this in class or respond to their claim, since there's no answer that would avoid further argument.

Then again, this is the sort of thing that Malcolm Kirkpatrick (mentioned on the blog during winter break) addresses in his theories. Students who are willing to pay $1000+ for a phone but not ten cents for a pencil are saying that entertainment is that much more important to them than education -- and markets are supposed to respond to what people want.

(This is why his plan allows students to graduate early and start adult work. They'd have no problem spending a dime for a pencil if doing so helps them learn faster, pass the GED, and earn the wage subsidy that's much more than ten cents. And as for teaching them responsibility, he'd claim that they'd learn responsibility more effectively at a job that they wish to keep, rather than in a class that they really don't want to take.)

11:40 -- Second period leaves and fifth period arrives. This is the second of two Math III classes. (Once again, I don't have third period conference on Thursdays.)

Lately, in fifth period I've been using a Promethean board to display the DeltaMath examples. After giving each graph, I randomly choose a student to go up to the board and enter the correct polynomial into the Promethean.

And believe it or not, some students are still making transfers for the second semester. There is a new guy in my fifth period today.

1:15 -- Fifth period leaves for lunch.

2:05 -- Sixth period arrives. This is the second of two Math I classes.

Sixth period is much like second period, except that the quiz corrections were done yesterday. So we do get to answer two questions on VNPS (a table and a graph). This class does struggle the most on the written questions where they must solve a multi-step equation for x and find the slope of a line.

3:30 -- Sixth period leaves.

5:00 -- The Future Freshman Showcase begins.

Here's how the showcase works -- all teachers save for those who coach a sport or sponsor a club must go to their department booth out on the quad. Then we must answer questions from any students and parents who visit our booth -- especially middle school students (as in "future freshmen").

Most eighth graders who visit our booth are interested in the summer honors program. They are either current Math 8 students who wish to take Math I in the summer in order to reach Math II in the fall (the equivalent of Steve level, except that SteveH opposes Integrated Math), or else current Math I students who wish to take Math II in the summer in order to reach Math III in the fall (Bruce level). And so they end up speaking mostly to the teacher who says that she'll teach the summer Math I and II courses.

Recall that a decade ago, I tutored students who were trying to accelerate to Bruce level. The summer Algebra II teacher assigned so much work that one student was unable to keep up -- and then I actively discouraged another kid from attempting the same jump the following summer. Likewise, the Math II teacher says that she'll assign about thirty problems per day in her class, but the teachers primed to teach Math III and Precalculus are likely to assign double, if not triple that.

During the showcase, I decide to sing a few math songs, just as I did for Parent Conferences. I begin with the official song of the day, "Count the Ways," and then proceed with Weird Al's "Patterns" and "Function Rap" (which one of the other Math I teachers wants me to send her). I don't get to sing the song that one of my neighbor teachers says he likes -- "No Zeroes" (the "No Scrubs" parody). All of these songs are vocal, since I leave my guitar in the classroom.

7:00 -- I sing my final song of the day as the showcase ends -- The Fat Boys' "Working Backwards." I intentionally choose this one because the final verse of the song takes place at 7:00.

Day 109 is tomorrow, the minimum day. And Monday is Lincoln's Birthday, and so my next post will be my usual Tuesday post on Day 110.

Wednesday, February 8, 2023

Lesson 5.2.2: Geometric Sequences -- Explicit Formula (Day 107)

COUNT THE WAYS

First Verse:
My love is three-dimensional, it has width, depth, and length,
I'll run that by you one more time.
Like an equilateral triangle, my love has special strength.
Yes, I have mathematics on my mind.

Chorus:
Let me count the ways that I love you,
I'll calculate the rhythm of my heart.
Let me count the ways that I love you,
And count each fraction of a second we're apart.
My heart beats for you 70 times a minute.
My heart beats for you 4200 times an hour.
My heart beats for you 100,000 times a day.
Three million times a month, 36 million times a year.

Yes, I want you to know that I'm not your average guy.
I'm the missing factor in your equation.
I'll multiply your happiness 'til my love equals yours.
Hey, you don't need any more persuasion,
(Repeat Chorus)

This song comes from Square One TV, and I've performed it countless times before. As I've mentioned before, it is not posted on YouTube except as part of a full Square One TV episode (song starts about 5 1/2 minutes in):


This is one of two Square One TV songs that I associate with Valentine's Day. But for my first and sixth period classes, tomorrow's performance of this will be their de facto V-Day song. The next block day I have with them won't be until the 15th, the day after V-Day.

Today, of course, I only perform this song in my fourth period Math I class. As you can see by the titles of these blogposts, I've jumbled up the lesson order again, moving back to Lesson 5.2.2 of the CPM text after having already covered 5.2.3.

And I've already given the Desmos lesson for 5.2.2, -- explicit formulas for geometric sequences. So instead, today I follow my neighbor Math I teachers and show the students some problems directly from this lesson of the CPM text.

With no Desmos lesson to get through, I have my first VNPS session in a long time. The first question asks students to consider the arithmetic sequence -9, -5, -1, 3, 7, ..., and analyze it, both in a table and on a graph. So I have the kids draw these in groups on the board before doing so in notebooks. Yes, that's right -- after starting geometric sequences, the text suddenly jumps back to arithmetic sequences.

There are a few more things I want to say about how sequences are taught these days. The traditional notation for sequences has been a_n, with the n written as a subscript (which, of course, makes it more difficult to render here in ASCII). But ever since the advent of the Common Core, more emphasis is being made on sequences as functions -- indeed, the text I used as a student teacher used f (n) to denote the nth term of a sequence. (Since when do we as teachers want to replace A's with F's?) Anyway, the CPM text appears to favor the notation t(n) -- with t standing for term. In many ways, the new function notation is in line with what the TI calculators have been using for years -- u(n), along with v(n) and w(n), are used for sequences.

I enjoy doing VNPS because it gets more students to participate. Of course, in some groups only one student is doing all the work on the board while the others are just talking. But that's a far cry from most lectures when I call on a single student -- often it's a struggle to get that one kid to answer the question, while all the other kids are ignoring us.

The next two CPM questions are more difficult for the students. That's because they ask questions that relate to Chapter 1 and 2 topics on which the kids have been struggling all along. Can any term of the sequence -4, -1, 2, 5, 8, .., equal 42 (which requires plugging in a number and solving), is the graph of a sequence continuous or discrete (domain and range), if the 5th and 50th term of a sequence are known, how can one find an equation (slope)?Despite all this, I believe that the students learn a bit more in today's lesson than they would have if I'd just stuck to notebooks.

You might notice that today's post is labeled as a single-day post (Day 107). That's because tomorrow is Open House, which counts as a special "Day in the Life" post. As I've blogged before, "Open House" at high schools have turned into "Showcases" whose target audiences are prospective eighth graders. Even here in my district with only one comprehensive high school, some families might consider sending their kids to local private schools until they learn what our school has to offer.

Friday becomes the minimum day associated with Open House. This isn't the old monthly minimum day, and so it does not count as "A Day in the Life." This is one reason for the Hero Quiz this week -- there won't be time for a full quiz on the short day.

(Recall that last year, Open House was cancelled. This was due to the sudden loss of two days after winter break due to the COVID surge, so we couldn't afford to have a minimum day.)

Today is Fourday on the Eleven Calendar:

Resolution #4: We start our Warm-Ups and the main lesson promptly.

I do attempt to cut down my Warm-Up times in all classes today -- especially fourth period, in order to allow enough time for VNPS.

Tuesday, February 7, 2023

Lesson 5.2.3: Geometric Sequences -- Investing (Day 106)

e SONG

Chorus:
e (2.718)
Ah, number number (281828)
You are my natural log,
And you got me calculating.

e (2.718)
Ah, number number (281828)
You are my derivative,
And you got me calculating.

First Verse:
I just can't believe the loveliness of graphing you.
I can't believe you're more than two.
I just can't believe the loveliness of graphing you.
I can't believe you're more than two. (to Chorus)

Second Verse:
I just can't believe your digits go forever now.
As long as a number can be.
I just can't believe your digits go forever now.
As long as you're the number e. (to Bridge)

Bridge:
Put a little cash in the bank, money.
Put a little cash in the bank, baby.
I'll make more next year, yeah, yeah, yeah!
Put a little cash in the bank.

100% interest on my money.
Compound it continuously, baby.
I'm gonna take the limit now, yeah, yeah, yeah!
My cash is multiplied by you, e. (to Chorus)

Today is e Day -- named for the constant e = 2.71828, since February 7th is 2/7. So of course I have to perform "e Song" -- a parody of "Sugar Sugar" by The Archies, and inspired by Elizabeth Landau, aka Bizzie Lizzie. It includes as much of Landau's song as I can remember -- I wish that she would repost her parody in its entirety so that I can perform it in my classroom. As it stands, this version of the song is close enough to what Bizzie Lizzie wrote on her blog over 25 years ago.

Since the constant e is much more relevant to Math III than to Math I, this post will mainly deal with the higher math course. Even so, as I mentioned during break (knowing that e Day was around the corner), the Math III students don't really learn about e until Chapter 10 of the CPM text. This is despite logarithms being mentioned in both Chapters 5 and 7.

And I knew all along that the Chapter 7 Paper Test was scheduled for yesterday, so my fifth period class spends most of e Day on test corrections. At least some of the problems that they're working on involve compound interest (though not continuous compound interest or the number e).

I sing today's song in transition from the test corrections to the first lesson of Chapter 8. It's my first e Day performance in three years (when I sang this song when subbing for Chemistry students who were likely to have seen the constant in their math classes). And of course, I play it on my guitar in the key of E major (despite The Archies singing the original in D).

Chapter 8 of the CPM text is on polynomials. The first lesson is on vocabulary -- all those words like degree (and the closely related constant, linear, quadratic, and so on up to quintic), roots of polynomial, and so on. The Math III leader held a meeting yesterday, and he showed us all of the Chapter 8 lessons that he's already set up in DeltaMath -- even one for today's vocab lesson.

It may be e Day, but I'm already looking ahead to Pi Day. The Chapter 8 Test will be scheduled for the days surrounding Pi Day. The one thing about Pi Day is that it's on a Tuesday, but the previous day is a workday for teachers only, not students. And that Monday off will strongly affect the scheduling of the Chapter 8 Test. (Last year there was no teacher day in March -- instead, there was a four-day weekend for Veterans Day as the holiday fell on a Thursday.)

Had March 13th been a student day, it would have been the day of the Chapter 8 Paper Test, after the DeltaMath part the previous Friday (like the Friday-Monday scheduling of the Chapter 7 Tests). But it was decided to be too awkward to have separate Parts 1 and 2 of the test by a three-day weekend during which many students might not be thinking about math (and even worse for classes that don't meet on Tuesdays, like my first period class).

So instead, the Paper Test will be scheduled for Thursday the 16th. On Pi Day itself, there will be some sort of SBAC Prep (and the Paper Test might even contain an SBAC-like question). For me, at least this decision steers a test away from the biggest math party day of the year.

Once again, even though "e Song" is a Math III song, it's somewhat relevant to Math I as well. Today in Math I, we reach applications of geometric sequences, including compound interest. I point out to the students that both today's song and "Compound Interest Rap" are somewhat related to today's topic, even though today's question is much simpler (compounded annually, not continuously).

In second period, I spend a bit too much time on the compound interest question that it takes time away from quiz corrections (which I want to do today, a block day, rather than mess up a Monday lesson). So in fourth period, I only briefly discuss the compound interest problem.

Today is the third day of the week on the Eleven Calendar. (In past posts I've referred to this day as "Sunday," to emphasize that it can serve as a replacement Christian Sabbath.)

Resolution #3: We remember math like riding a bicycle.

There's a Hero Quiz coming up at the end of this week in Math I. Students will have to do calculate without a calculator in order to pass it.

The biggest thing going on today is e Day. But here in Southern California, many NBA fans are also celebrating LeBron James breaking the career scoring record set by Kareem Abdul-Jabbar almost forty years ago. (The time stamp of this post is set to the time the record is set, so that I can acknowledge it in today's post.)

But for mathematicians, that's not nearly as important as e Day.

Wednesday, February 1, 2023

Lesson 5.2.1: Intro to Geometric Sequences (Days 102-105)

ARITHMETIC AND GEOMETRIC

First Verse:
One, three, five, arithmetic!
Two, four, six, arithmetic!
Three, six, nine, arithmetic!
Four, six, eight, arithmetic!

Chorus:
Two, four, six, eight,
Arithmetic appreciate.
Two, four, eight, sixteen,
Geometric insight is keen.

Second Verse:
One, three, nine, geometric!
Two, four, eight, geometric!
Three, six, twelve, geometric!
Four, six, nine, geometric!
(to Chorus)

This is the fourth song that I'm composing in 14EDL, our main scale for January and February. And it's the first 14EDL song in the AB format, with verses and a chorus.

Today in fourth period Math I, we discuss geometric sequences in earnest. The Desmos lesson for today begins with a classic question -- which would you rather have, a million-dollar lump sum, or one penny on the first of the month and double it for the entire month? The activity actually states that the penny is given on the first of February -- today's exact date. (The creator of this Desmos is another teacher at our school who knows that Chapter 5 is usually taught around now.)

One guy immediately figures out that he'll earn more money if he takes the repeatedly doubled penny -- indeed, he'd earn about $1.3 million on February 28th. (I wonder whether he's heard of this question before, since it is a classic.) Notice that he would have earned even more money if this were still January (or another 31-day month) rather than February -- on the 31st, he'd have over ten million dollars, a rather great sum indeed.

Afterwards, we define and discuss geometric sequences. Keep in mind that this Friday's quiz will be on arithmetic sequences only. While this lesson should be easier than the Stats of Chapter 4, many students are struggling with explicit formulas of arithmetic sequences. It's hard to tell whether they are confused, or simply not paying attention.

Today is Eightday on the Eleven Calendar:

Resolution #8: We are mindful or books and other materials.

Today I don't require the students to show ID's to check out Chromebooks in fourth period. But I catch one student using the wrong Chromebook, and so ID's will be required on Friday, the day of the quiz.

Here is a link to today's Mocha code:

https://www.haplessgenius.com/mocha/

10 N=8
20 FOR V=1 TO 2
30 FOR X=1 TO 48
40 READ A,T
50 SOUND 261-N*A,T
60 NEXT X
70 RESTORE
80 NEXT V
90 END
100 DATA 13,8,7,4,9,4,12,2,8,2,9,12
110 DATA 13,8,7,4,9,4,12,2,8,2,9,12
120 DATA 13,8,7,4,9,4,12,2,8,2,9,12
130 DATA 13,8,7,4,9,4,12,2,8,2,9,12
140 DATA 13,8,9,8,13,8,9,8
150 DATA 13,6,12,6,7,2,12,2,13,6,12,6,7,2,12,2
160 DATA 13,8,9,8,13,8,9,8
170 DATA 13,6,12,6,7,2,12,2,13,6,12,6,7,2,12,2

Don't forget to click Sound before you RUN the program.

When I generated this song, Degree 10 was avoided once again -- but so was Degree 11. So while I could have made this into another Phyrgian Dominant song, I didn't want this song to sound too much like yesterday's (especially with my having trouble barring the correct frets).

Instead, the note D at Degree 9 dominates, so I made this a D major song just like "Correlation." As for Degree 13, it's better in this situation to treat it as G# rather than G. That's because 13/9 isn't a true perfect fifth (that would be 3/2), so I'd rather use G#-D (in the Chorus) for 13/9 instead of G-D.

Also, note that in the Chorus, I didn't make Lines 140-170 identical as usual. That's because I couldn't resist including the most well-known arithmetic sequence to appear in a rhyme -- "Two, four, six, eight, whom do we appreciate?" The 13/9 sequence G#-D-G#-D fits the sequence itself, while the more complex line fits the "appreciate" lyrics: G#-A-F#(high)-A.

The riff for the verses now becomes E7-A7-D (just like "Correlation"), while the chorus features E7 during the sequence line and A7 during the "appreciate" line.